Chasing the Myth: Unlocking Vehicle Grants Through the AFG Program

by | October 31, 2024

Bigfoot, the yeti, the Loch Ness Monster … people claim to have spotted these more often than a fully funded vehicle grant through the Assistance to Firefighters Grants (AFG) program! While the AFG program is a crucial lifeline helping fire departments secure essential resources — whether for vehicles, equipment or training — when it comes to vehicle grants, it’s almost like chasing a mythical beast. While many departments desperately need new or upgraded apparatus, securing one of these elusive grants can feel like trying to spot Nessie herself.

The Need for Vehicle Grants

Fire departments, especially in rural and small communities, often face tight budgets, making it nearly impossible to afford new vehicles on their own. For some agencies, the cost of a single vehicle can be more than 10 times their annual budget, creating a financial challenge they can’t overcome without help.

The AFG program provides much-needed funding, allowing these departments to continue offering lifesaving services. Vehicle grants are crucial for departments with outdated or broken equipment, those serving growing communities with rising call volumes, regions vulnerable to natural disasters and those struggling with no budget relief in sight.

While the AFG program represents a lifeline for these departments, writing a successful vehicle grant application is no small feat. It requires meticulous preparation, a clear demonstration of need and a strong understanding of the competitive nature of the process. These two elements — preparation and understanding — are key to navigating the process effectively.

The Detailed Application Process

Applying for a vehicle grant through the AFG program is an extensive process requiring significant amounts of information. A well-organized and detailed application is crucial for you to secure an award. Here are some key elements that must be included in a successful vehicle grant application.

Navigating the vehicle grant application process through the AFG program can feel like an uphill battle, especially given the intense competition and extensive requirements involved.

1. Justification of Need

Departments must provide a thorough explanation of why they need the vehicle. This includes details such as:

  • The current state of their fleet (age, condition and mileage of existing vehicles).
  • The specific issues caused by outdated or malfunctioning apparatus (e.g., increased maintenance costs, safety risks or unreliability during emergency responses).
  • Is the vehicle(s) being replaced purpose-built for firefighting, or “home-built” using components not designed to be used as a fire apparatus?
  • The impact a new vehicle would have on the department’s ability to serve the community (e.g., faster response times, enhanced safety or improved capacity to handle specific emergencies such as wildfires or hazardous materials incidents).

Relevant data and evidence, such as service records, maintenance logs and detailed accounts of incidents where vehicle issues affected the department’s ability to respond effectively, should help support the justification. Eligibility requires a department to adopt a driver training program aligned with NFPA 1002 (or an equivalent standard) and implement the program by the time the awarded vehicle is purchased. This means agencies that aren’t prepared to implement such a training program should not apply for this opportunity.

2. Community Impact and Demographics

FEMA’s approval process strongly emphasizes how the grant will impact the community. Departments must clearly describe the population they serve, their geographical challenges and the types of emergencies to which they frequently respond. In rural areas, for example, departments may need to address long response times due to distance or the necessity for specialized vehicles like water tankers in areas without hydrants.

Grant applications should also include key demographic information, such as changes in the local population, income levels (which can highlight a community’s limited ability to raise funds through taxes or other means) and vulnerability to specific hazards like floods, wildfires or industrial incidents. The more detailed and accurate this information is, the easier it will be for peer reviewers to understand the department’s needs compared to other applications.

3. Financial Justification

In addition to explaining the need for the vehicle, applicants must show why they can’t afford it through other means. This involves breaking down their operational budget, outlining expenses and noting any available funding sources. Departments often need to demonstrate why local tax revenues aren’t enough to cover the cost of a new vehicle and detail their efforts to raise funds, such as community fundraisers, applying for other grants or cutting costs in other areas. This financial justification is crucial in proving to FEMA that the department has explored all other funding options.

4. Specifications and Cost Estimates

Departments must have include the vehicle specifications they want. This includes researching the apparatus that best meets their operational requirements and obtaining manufacturer cost estimates. Vehicles funded through the AFG program must adhere to NFPA 1900 (Standard for Aircraft Rescue and Firefighting Vehicles, Wildland Fire Apparatus, and Automotive Ambulances).

Applicants are required to justify their request for a specific type of vehicle. For example, a rural department may need to explain the need for a tanker with a specific water capacity due to the lack of hydrants in the area. Likewise, a department in a wildfire-prone region may highlight the importance of acquiring a brush truck equipped with four-wheel drive and specialized firefighting equipment. Departments must also outline how the new vehicle will integrate into their existing operations and enhance their long-term capabilities.

Need help writing your AFG grant application? LEARN MORE

The Challenge of Gathering Information

The sheer volume of information required for a vehicle grant application can be overwhelming, especially for smaller departments with limited administrative staff. Gathering and organizing all the necessary documentation takes time and effort, and many departments struggle to complete their applications within the given time frame.

Ensuring the application is competitive often requires departments to go above and beyond in demonstrating their need. The application process can be especially daunting for volunteer fire departments, where administrative duties fall on a few individuals who may already be stretched thin by their other responsibilities. It is imperative to start this process early; submitting an ill-prepared application that does not paint an accurate picture of your department’s needs will be a waste of your time.

A Highly Competitive Arena

The fierce competition is one of the biggest hurdles when applying for vehicle grants through the AFG program. The federal budget for AFG grants is limited, meaning only a selected number of applicants receive the funding they seek. For fiscal year 2023, 7,962 applications were submitted, but only 1,635 awards were granted across the AFG program. Out of those awards, just 161 were for vehicle acquisitions. This low success rate underscores the tough competition among departments nationwide, all striving for a share of the limited resources available.

Navigating the vehicle grant application process through the AFG program can feel like an uphill battle, especially given the intense competition and extensive requirements involved. While these grants offer a vital opportunity for fire departments in need, careful preparation, thorough justifications and a clear demonstration of community impact are essential for success. Departments must be proactive and organized, understanding that a well-prepared application is key to securing the funding necessary to upgrade their fleets and enhance their service capabilities. Ultimately, determination and thoroughness can make all the difference in this challenging pursuit.


Not sure where to start with your AFG application? Lexipol’s team of expert grant writers and project managers can position you for success in funding the emergency vehicle your agency needs.

ADAM HURSH is a seasoned fire service professional with 23 years of experience. He is currently the deputy fire chief at the Gilt Edge Volunteer Fire Department and a full-time lieutenant with the Piperton Fire Department, both in Southwest Tennessee. Adam holds a Master of Public Administration from Columbia Southern University and is recognized as a Chief Fire Officer by the Center for Public Safety Excellence (CPSE). He is also renowned for securing numerous local and federal grants for his departments and consulting with other fire and EMS agencies on grant submissions.

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